剑桥雅思6：Test1雅思阅读 PASSAGE 3原文+真题+答案

　　READING PASSAGE 3

　　阅读第3节

　　You should spend aboul 20 minutes on Questions 27- -40, which are based on Reading Passagon the following pages.

　　你应该花20分钟在27-40的问题上，这些问题是基于阅读下面几页的帕萨根。

　　Questions 27-32

　　问题27-32

　　Reading Passage 3 has seven paragraphs, A-G.

　　阅读通道3有七个段落，A-G。

　　Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B- -G from the list of 'headings below.

　　从下面的标题列表中选择B--G段的正确标题。

　　Write the correct number, i- ix, in boxes 27- -32 on your answer sheet.

　　把正确的数字i-ix写在答题纸上的方框27--32中.

　　List of Headings

　　标题清单

　　i 、The reaction of the Inuit community to climate changeii Understanding of climate change remains limited

　　iii、Alternative sources of essential supplies

　　iv、 Respect for Inuit opinion grows

　　v 、A healthier choice of food

　　vi、 A difficult landscape

　　vü、 Negative efects on well-being

　　vüi 、Alarm caused by unprecedented events in the Arcticx The benefits of an easier existence

　　Example Paragraph A 

　　Answer  vii

　  27、Paragraph B

     28、Paragraph c

　  29、Paragraph D

　  30、Paragraph E

　  31、Paragraph F

　  32、 Paragraph G　

     Climate Change andthe Inuit

　　气候变化与因纽特人

　　The threat posed by climate change in theArctic and the problems faced by Canada'sInuit people

　　北极气候变化带来的威胁和加拿大因纽特人面临的问题

　　A Unusual incidents are being reported across the Arctic. Inuit families going off onsnowmobiles to prepare their summer hunting camps have found themselves cut offfrom home by a sea of mud, following early thaws. There are reports of igloos losingtheir insulating properties as the snow drips and refreezes, of lakes draining into thesea as permafrost melts, and sea ice breaking up earlier than usual, carrying seals

　　据报道，北极各地都发生了不寻常的事件。伊努伊特人一家人开着雪地摩托去准备夏令营，但在解冻后，他们发现自己被一片泥泞的海洋所割断了。有报道称，随着雪滴和再冻，冰冰失去了绝缘性能，湖泊随着冻土的融化而排入冰层，海冰比平常更早地破裂，并携带封条。

　　beyond the reach of hunters. Climate change may still be a rather abstract idea

　　猎人够不着。气候变化可能仍然是一个相当抽象的概念。

　　to most of us, but in the Arctic it is already having dramatic effects - if summertime icecontinues to shrink at its present rate, the Arctic Ocean could soon become virtuallyice-free in summer. The knock -on effects are likely to include more warming, cloudierskies, increased precipitation and higher sea levels. Scientists are increasingly

　　对我们大多数人来说，但在北极，它已经产生了巨大的影响--如果夏季的冰霜以现在的速度收缩，北冰洋很快就会在夏天消失。撞击效应可能包括的变暖、云层、降水增加和海平面升高。越来越多的科学家

　　keen to find out what's going on because they consider the Arctic the 'canary in themine' for global warming - a warning of what's in store for the rest of the world.B For the Inuit the problem is urgent. They live in precarious balance with one of the

　　因为他们认为北极是全球变暖的“金丝雀”--这是对世界其他地区的警告。B对因纽特人来说，这个问题是紧迫的。他们与其中一个人生活在不稳定的平衡中。

　　toughest environments on earth. Climate change, whatever its causes, is a direct threatto their way of life. Nobody knows the Arctic as well as the locals, which is why they arenot content simply to stand back and let outside experts tell them what's happening. InCanada, where the Inuit people are jealously guarding their hard-won autonomy in thecountry's newest territory, Nunavut, they believe their best hope of survival in this

　　地球上最艰难的环境。气候变化，无论其原因如何，都是对他们生活方式的直接威胁。没有人像当地人一样了解北极，这就是为什么他们不满足于站在后面让外部告诉他们发生了什么。在加拿大，因纽特人正小心翼翼地捍卫他们在领地努纳武特辛苦获得的自治权，他们相信他们在这片土地上生存的希望。

　　changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best ofmodern science. This is a challenge in itself.

　　不断变化的环境，在于把他们祖先的知识和最的现代科学结合起来。这本身就是一个挑战。

　　C The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that's covered with snow for most ofthe year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyonewho calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers meagre pickings.Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting seamammals and fish, The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonistswere successful, sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic

　　加拿大北极是一片广袤无树的极地沙漠，每年大部分时间都被雪覆盖。冒险进入这个地区，你就会了解到任何一个叫这个家的人所面临的困难。农业是不可能的，大自然也提供了很少的收获。人类在4500年前刚在北极定居，通过开发海员和鱼类生存下来，环境对他们进行了极限的考验：有时殖民者是成功的，有时他们失败了，然后消失了。但大约在一千年前，出现了一个独特的适应北极的群体。

　　environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery and iron tools. They are the ancestors of today's Inuit people.

　　环境。这些苏勒人从阿拉斯加搬来，带着皮划艇、雪橇、狗、陶器和铁器。他们是今天因纽特人的祖先。

　　D Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million squarekilometres of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. lt's currentlyhome to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40

　　苏勒人的后代的生活仍然是残酷的。努纳武特有190万平方公里的岩石和冰，还有几个围绕北极的岛屿。这是目前2500人的家园，几乎只有少数人是土著因纽特人。在过去的40年间

　　years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory's 28 isolatedcommunities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing.

　　多年来，大多数人放弃了他们的游牧方式，定居在该地区28个与世隔绝的社区，但他们仍然严重依赖大自然提供食物和衣服。

　　Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most

　　当地商店提供的粮食必须以最多的一种空运到努纳武特。

　　costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-free weeksof summer. It would cost a family around f7,000 a year to replace meat they obtainedthemselves through hunting with imported meat. Economic opportunities are scarce, and for many people state benefits are their only income.

　　世界上昂贵的航空网络，或者是在夏季的几个无冰周里由补给船带来的。一家人每年要花大约7,000英镑，用进口的肉来代替他们通过狩猎获得的肉。经济机会很少，对许多人来说，福利是他们的收入。

　　E While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climatechange, there has certainly been an impact on people's health. Obesity, heart diseaseand diabetes are beginning to appear in a people for whom these have never beforebeen problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional skills of hunting, trapping and preparing skins have begun to disappear. In Nunavut's igloo and email'society, where adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have beenout on the land, there's a high incidence of depression.

　　如果捕猎和诱捕被气候变化所限制，因纽特人可能实际上不会挨饿，但这肯定对人们的健康产生了影响。肥胖、心脏病和糖尿病开始出现在一个从来没有遇到过问题的人身上。由于传统的狩猎、诱捕和准备皮肤的技能开始消失，身份危机已经出现。在努纳武特(Nunavut)的冰屋和电子邮件社会里，出生在冰屋里的成年人生下的孩子可能从未在陆地上露宿过，因此抑郁的发生率很高。

　　F With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out themysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they

　　由于如此多的利害关系，因纽特人决心在解决北极气候变化的谜团方面发挥关键作用。在那里生存了几个世纪之后，他们

　　believe their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task. And Western scientistsare starting to draw on this wisdom, increasingly referred to as 'Inuit

　　相信他们丰富的传统知识对这项任务至关重要。西方科学家开始借鉴这种智慧，越来越多地被称为“因纽特人”

　　Qaujimajatuqangit', or IQ. "In the early days scientists ignored us when they came uphere to study anything. They just figured these people don't know very much so we

　　Qaujimajatuqangit，或IQ“在早期，科学家们在上坡研究任何东西时忽略了我们，他们只是认为这些人不太了解，所以我们

　　won't ask them, ' says John Amagoalik, an Inuit leader and politician. 'But in recent yearsIQ has had much more credibility and weight.' In fact it is now a requirement for anyonehoping to get permission to do research that they consult the communities, who are

　　伊努伊特人和政治家约翰·阿马戈亚利克(JohnAmagoalik)说，他不会问他们。但近几年来，智商的可信度和份量都大大了。事实上，现在任何希望获得研究许可的人都必须咨询社区，

　　helping to set the research agenda to reflect their most important concerns. They canturn down applications from scientists they believe will work against their interests, orresearch projects that will impinge too much on their daily lives and traditional activities.G Some scientists doubt the value of traditional knowledge because the occupation of theArctic doesn't go back far enough. Others, however, point out that the first weather

　　帮助制定研究议程，以反映他们最重要的关切。他们可能会拒绝他们认为会违背他们利益的科学家的申请，或者会对他们的日常生活和传统活动造成太大影响的研究项目。一些科学家怀疑传统知识的价值，因为对北极的占领还远远不够。然而，其他人指出，天的天气

　　stations in the far north date back just 50 years. There are still huge gaps in our

　　遥远的北方的台站可以追溯到50年前。我们还有很大的差距

　　environmental knowledge, and despite the scientific onslaught, many predictions are nomore than best guesses. IQ could help to bridge the gap and resolve the tremendous

　　环境知识，尽管受到了科学的击，许多预测比的猜测更有意义。智商可以帮助缩小差距，解决巨大的问题。

　　uncertainty about how much of what we're seeing is natural capriciousness and howmuch is the consequence of human activity.

　　我们所看到的究竟有多少是自然的变化无常，而人类活动的结果又有多大的不确定性。

　　Questions 33- -40

　　问题33-40

　　Complete the summary of paragraphs C and D below.

　　完成以下C和D段的摘要。

　　Choose No MORE THAN Tw0 WORDS from paragraphs c and D for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 33- 40 on your answer sheet.

　　从c段和D段中为每个答案选择不超过20个单词，在答题纸上的第33-40栏中记录你的答案。

　　If you visit the Canadian Arctic, you immediately appreciate the problems faced by

　　如果你访问加拿大北极地区，你会立即意识到它所面临的问题。

　　people for whom this is home. It would clearly be impossible for the people to engage in33...... as a means of supporting themselves. For thousands of years they havehad to rely on catching 34 .... and 35......... as a means of sustenance.The harsh surroundings saw many who tried to settle there pushed to their limits, althoughsome were successful. The 36......... people were an example of the latter and forthem the environment did not prove unmanageable. For the present inhabitants, life 　continues to be a struggle. The territory of Nunavut consists of little more than ice, rock anda few 37。In recent years, many of them have been obliged to give up their

　　这里是家的人。很明显，人民不可能参与.作为支撑自己的手段。几千年来，他们不得不依靠抓到34个.和35.作为维持生计的一种手段，在恶劣的环境下，许多试图在那里定居的人被逼到了他们的极限，尽管有些人是成功的。36.人们就是后者的一个例子，对他们来说，环境并不是无法管理的。对于现在的居民来说仍然是一场斗争。努纳武特的领土只有冰、岩石和少数37块。近几年来，他们中的许多人被迫放弃了

　　38.... lifestyle, but they continue to depend mainly on 39.... fortheir food and clothes. 40 .......produce is particularly expensive.

　　38.生活方式，但他们仍然主要依靠39.为了他们的食物和衣服。40农产品特别昂贵。

　  Section 3, Questions 27- -34

　   27 i

　　28 Vi

　　29 i

　　30 vi

       31 iv

       32 ii

　　33 farming

　　34&35 IN EITHER ORDER

　　       sea mammals

　　      fish

　　36 Thule

　　39 nature

　　20 NOT GIVEN

　　40 Imported